We study the influence of reproductive tract extracellular vesicles on gamete maturation and early embryo development.
Contact: Kateřina Komrsková
The schematic illustrates reciprocal communication between gametes and extracellular vesicles released by the oviductal epithelium or by the early embryo within the oviductal lumen.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane structures that mediate mutual intercellular communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. In the reproductive tract, EVs play a crucial role in regulating the physiological processes of gametes and early embryos. However, their functions are not yet fully understood, particularly regarding their action in different parts of the male and female reproductive system. Current evidence suggests that EVs may significantly influence gamete maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development. The potential of EVs to improve protocols for in vitro gamete maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture up to the blastocyst stage remains largely unexplored.
In our research, we will focus on the detailed characterization of EVs from the reproductive tract and embryos and on their functional effects. The aim will be to define the role of EVs derived from both male and female reproductive tracts, with an emphasis on gamete maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development in mammals. The project will also include the analysis of EVs released during embryo culture, which may serve as non-invasive indicators of embryo quality. Special attention will be given to the innovative method of ex vivo EV production using a bioreactor with primary epithelial cells of reproductive origin, and to their detailed characterization in relation to the hormonal cycle. The knowledge gained will enable us to test EVs as regulators and potential standardized tools for modifying culture media, to improve the quality and viability of embryos produced in vitro.
For experimental work, we will use biological material of porcine, bovine, and murine origin, from which EVs will be isolated using methods adapted to each model, including EVs obtained ex vivo. Characterization will be carried out mainly by microscopic and proteomic approaches. The functional effects of EVs will be evaluated on gametes and during embryo development in vitro, with a focus on the prevention of polyspermy and embryogenesis up to the blastocyst stage.
